The Critical Role of IGBT in New Energy Vehicles and Market Outlook

With global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainability, the new energy vehicle (NEV) industry is growing rapidly. Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), as the core component of electric vehicle (EV) power electronic systems, has seen explosive growth in demand. This article explores the critical role of IGBT in NEVs and its future market prospects.

Key Functions of IGBT in New Energy Vehicles

IGBTs combine the advantages of MOSFETs (high input impedance) and BJTs (low saturation voltage), making them ideal for power conversion and control. In NEVs, IGBTs are primarily used in:

1. Motor Controllers: IGBT modules regulate motor start, acceleration, and braking, enhancing performance and energy efficiency.

2. Inverters: Convert DC power from the battery into AC power to drive electric motors.

3. Charging Systems: Ensure efficient and safe energy transmission during high-speed charging.

The efficiency and reliability of IGBT devices make them indispensable in EV powertrains.

Market Outlook

According to China IRN, the global IGBT market is expected to reach ¥95.4 billion by 2025, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16% from 2020–2025. The Chinese market alone is projected to hit ¥45.8 billion, growing at a CAGR of 21%.

Drivers of this growth include:

l Rising EV Sales: With supportive policies and increased consumer adoption, EV sales continue to rise, boosting IGBT demand.

l Expansion of Charging Infrastructure: Increased investment in charging stations promotes wider IGBT applications.

l Technological Advancements: Emerging materials like silicon carbide (SiC) enhance device performance and efficiency.

Challenges and Opportunities

Despite the promising market, IGBTs face some challenges:

l Cost Concerns: High-performance IGBT modules remain costly, affecting their penetration into budget markets.

l Technical Barriers: The design and manufacturing processes are complex, posing challenges for new entrants.

However, with continued innovation and economies of scale, IGBT costs are expected to decrease, leading to broader adoption.

Conclusion

IGBT plays a vital role in the development of the electric vehicle industry. With strong market demand and continuous technological progress, IGBT applications are set to expand, offering great opportunities in the NEV sector.